【搬运贴】KSP-维基百科 （2%完成）

RuohongZhao

Duna

Duna is the fourth planet of the Kerbol star system. It is the Mars analog for Kerbal Space Program and is mostly red with polar icecaps. It has one natural satellite, the moon Ike. Due to Ike's size and proximity, Ike and Duna are tidally locked to each other.

Orbital Characteristics
Semi-Major Axis         20726155264 m
Apoapsis         21783189163 m
Periapsis         19669121365 m
Orbital Eccentricity         0.05
Orbital Inclination         0.06 °
Mean Anomaly         3.14 °
Orbital Period         17315400 s
4809.8334 hours
Orbital Velocity         7146.6 m/s
Physical Characteristics
Equatorial Radius        320000 m
Surface Area         1286796400000 m2
Mass        4.5154812E+21 kg
Density         32897.696 kg/m3
Surface Gravity         1.1 m/s2
Escape Velocity         1372.41 m/s
Sidereal Rotation Period         65517.859 s
Sidereal Rotational Velocity         30.7 m/s
Synchronous Orbit         2879999.9 m
Sphere of Influence        47921949 m
Atmospheric Characteristics
Atmosphere Present         Yes
Atmospheric Pressure         20.265 kPa
Atmospheric Height         41446 m
Temperaturemin         (-50.24) °C
Temperaturemax         (-30.17) °C
Oxygen Present         No

Topography

【图片以后补上】

A topographic map of Duna made with the ISA MapSat plugin
Duna is a iron-rich planet which has greatly varying land altitude, the consequence of which is very difficult judgment of a safe landing position. Its mountainous ranges are a peril to landing craft, especially considering the thin atmosphere, where very little aerobraking can be done safely. It is important to slow one's ship down before coming into the atmosphere, to ensure a safe descent. There are several maria, or large regions of Dark soil at, exactly 0 meters altitude. These are ideal landing locations due to their low altitude, and thicker atmosphere for aerobraking. Its two poles are very expansive and are the result of a thin atmosphere. The central regions make a shape resembling Europe.

Atmosphere

A comparison of the atmospheres of Duna and Kerbin
Duna's atmosphere begins at 41,446 m. It is only 20% as dense as Kerbin's at altitude 0 and is even less dense (relative to Kerbin) at higher altitudes.
Like the atmospheres of Eve and Kerbin, Duna's atmosphere fades exponentially with increasing altitude (with a scale height of 3000 m). In general, the atmospheric pressure on Duna at an altitude expressed in meters is:[1]
【公式稍后插入】
Parachutes work at lower efficiency than on Kerbin, making powered descent necessary when landing from orbit (unless your craft is a glider or just a pod with a parachute).

Orbital Statistics

The geosynchronous orbit of Duna is at an altitude of 2879.9999101376 km above Duna. The speed of the satellite is 306.88109486716 m/s and it has an orbital period resonating with 1 Duna day (18.2 hours or 65517.859375 seconds).
For a semi-synchronous orbit of ½ Duna day (9.025 hours or 32490 seconds) an orbit of 1695.873623222 km above Duna is needed with a velocity of 386.64595123792 m/s.

Reference Frames

Warp         5x, 10x         50x         100x         1000x         10,000x         100,000x
Minimum Altitude         above atmosphere         60 km         100 km         300 km         600 km         800 km

【附录】
[1]A nuclear engine has a specific impulse of 220 in 1 atm, 800 in vacuum, and the following at various Duna altitudes:
altitude (m)         2         100         300         500         1460         2420         3000         4272         5000         10000
specific impulse         684.1         687.8         695.1         701.8         728.7         748.2         757.3         772.1         778.1         795.9

RuohongZhao

Jool

Jool is a gas giant and the fifth planet of the Kerbolar star system. It is the most distant of the five planets and the hardest to reach. It is one of the most appealing targets for missions, however, because of its large and complex system of four moons: Laythe, Vall, Tylo and Bop. Orbits well-aligned with the orbital plane, and many intersections with moon orbits can easily be captured by a couple moons with little to no ΔV before having to correct your orbit.

Orbital Characteristics
Semi-Major Axis         68,773,560,320 m
Apoapsis         72,212,238,387 m
Periapsis         65,334,882,253 m
Orbital Eccentricity         0.05
Orbital Inclination         1.304 °
Mean Anomaly         0.1 °
Orbital Period         104661360 s
29072.6 hours
Orbital Velocity         4,339.4 m/s
Physical Characteristics
Equatorial Radius        6000000 m
Surface Area         4.5238934E+14 m2
Mass        4.2332635E+24 kg
Density         4678.7834 kg/m3
Surface Gravity         7.85 m/s2
Escape Velocity         9704.43 m/s
Sidereal Rotation Period         36000 s
Sidereal Rotational Velocity         1,047.2 m/s
Synchronous Orbit         15010461 m
Sphere of Influence        2455985200 m
Atmospheric Characteristics
Atmosphere Present         Yes
Atmospheric Pressure         1519.902 kPa
Atmospheric Height         132188.486072532 m
Temperaturemin         (-86.13) °C
Temperaturemax         199.43 °C
Oxygen Present         No

Atmosphere

【注意这是个气体行星，真心不建议降落！！！】

Aerobraking in Jool's atmosphere.
Although Jool has a radius ten times greater than Kerbin, its atmosphere begins approximately twice as high (138.2 km). It is also extremely dense, well suited for aerobraking from a high-speed inter-planetary intercept. Orbiting just outside the atmosphere will give you a period of 94.7437 minutes, and a speed of 6,785 m/s. You typically do not need to go less than 60 KM to aerobrake.

In general, the atmospheric pressure on Jool at an altitude expressed in meters is:
【公式待会儿插入】
Closer to the surface, the physics of the game start to break down. Due to its extremely thick atmosphere, terminal velocity is so low that lighter spacecraft will not even need parachutes or retrorockets. It is not impossible to land on its solid surface, though spacecraft are inevitably and invariably devoured by the Kraken. If a kerbonaut is put on EVA he will not be destroyed, making one-way sacrificial landings feasible.

Natural Satellites

【图片等待插入】

The ocean moon Laythe, about to transit Jool.
Jool has four natural satellites:
The ocean moon Laythe, currently the only moon possessing an atmosphere, is the closest to Jool and second largest of its moons. Due to its high orbital velocity, it is somewhat challenging to reach. Next to Eve, it's size and composition make it the most similar celestial body to Kerbin
The ice moon Vall, which is the third largest and second closest. Its orbital path and velocity sit almost exactly between Layth and Tylo.
The rocky moon Tylo, similar to Kerbin's Mun, although it has similar gravity to Kerbin. It is the third and largest body orbiting Jool, and is perhaps the easiest of the four to reach, with a stable orbit, large gravity well, and (relatively) slow orbital velocity.
The captured asteroid Bop, the smallest body orbiting Jool. Due to its distant, erratic orbit and low gravity, it is also challenging to reach.
Laythe, Vall, and Tylo are in a Laplace resonance, with orbital periods of 1:2:4 respectively.
Despite the fact that the moons can easily eclipse both each other and Jool, they do not.

RuohongZhao

下面占楼，为了卫星们……

flyfire2002

RuohongZhao 发表于 2012-10-30 04:53
占楼什么的……

Rocket Design

这个是教程目录页，可能放后面点翻译。

RuohongZhao

flyfire2002 发表于 2012-10-30 09:38
这个是教程目录页，可能放后面点翻译。

是的恩。以后看字数情况，可能直接把索引放在一楼……

FRIGHTER

先把操作部分干了吧。然后睡觉去。海外党伤不起

Key        Effect
F1        Screenshot 截图
+        Zoom view in 拉近视角
-        Zoom view out 拉远视角
Alt+F2        Open debug console 打开测试控制台（目测是各种秘技输入点？求小白鼠）
M        Orbital Map toggle 切换轨道地图
Tab        Switch focus in Orbital Map 调整轨道地图焦点（应该是以不同的地方作为地图中心）
.        Time Warp increase 时间加速
,        Time Warp decrease 时间减速
. (numpad del)        Toggle Navball 开关导航球（陀螺仪吗？）
F2        Toggle UI visibility 开关面板（可以用来截图）
]        Cycle through active ships (forwards) 下一个活动中的飞船
[        Cycle through active ships (backwards) 上一个活动中的飞船
F3        Toggle Results Screen 飞行记录
F4        Toggle Ship Labels 开关飞船标签
F5        Quicksave 快速储存
F9        Quickload 快速读取（非常有用，需要按住一段时间生效）
Ctrl+F10        Load saved game state dialogue box (hidden feature, looks in /KSP/saves/scenarios/) 读取储存的游戏，正式对话框（隐藏内容，在KSP/saves/scenarios里查看）
Ctrl+Alt+Shift+D        Debug menu 测试菜单
W        Pitch adjustment (up/back) 翻滚控制（仰/前）
S        Pitch adjustment (down/forward) 翻滚控制（俯/后）
A        Yaw adjustment (port/left)转向控制（左）
D        Yaw adjustment (starboard/right)转向控制（右）
Q        Roll adjustment翻滚控制
E        Roll adjustment翻滚控制
C        Toggle camera view [auto/free/chase] in 0.13.3 切换视角（0.13.3版本）
C        Toggle IVA view 切换IVA视角（驾驶舱视角）
V        Toggle camera view [auto/free/orbital] in 0.17切换视角（0.17版本）
Left-Shift        Increase throttle 加大节流阀（加速）
Left-Control        Decrease throttle 减小节流阀（减速，不过没有刹车的效果）
Space        Advance stage 激活下一级部件
T        Toggle S.A.S. Module and S.A.S functions in other parts 开关SAS
F        Hold to temporarily invert S.A.S. Module and S.A.S functions in other parts 按住以临时开关SAS（例如现在开着，按F就会暂时关闭SAS，松开时重新开启，反之亦然）
Alt+L        Lock current stage（锁定当前级，用处不明）
Caps Lock        Toggle between instant or precision control mode 切换直接或精确控制（有什么用？不明）
R        Toggle RCS Thrusters 开关RCS引擎
H        RCS Thruster forward RCS向前
N        RCS Thruster rearward RCS向后
I        RCS Thruster translate down RCS向下
J        RCS Thruster translate left RCS向左
K        RCS Thruster translate up RCS向上
L        RCS Thruster translate right RCS向右
X        Stop all engines (hidden 0.12 function) 关闭所有引擎（0.12版隐藏）
G        Toggle Landing Struts position 开关起落架
Alt+WSADQE        Trim Pitch/Yaw/Roll 不明，直译为修剪/对齐 俯仰/转向/俯仰。
Alt+X        Reset trim 重置修剪？（联系上文估计是手动设置SAS的效果）
B        Wheel brakes (press twice to engage parking brakes)刹车（连按两次可以锁死）
U        Toggle vehicle lights 开关灯（有这功能？！）
W        Walk/jet forward 走/喷射向前（宇航员出舱时使用）
S        Walk/jet left 向左
A        Walk/jet right 向右
D        Walk/jet back 向后
Shift        Jet up 喷射向上
Control        Jet down 喷射向下
Space        Jump/Reorient - Let go of ladder 跑
F        Use 使用（上梯子，进驾驶舱都是它）
L        Toggle headlamps 开关头顶灯
R        Toggle jetpack 开关喷射背包
Alt        Toggle movement 开关移动？
Ctrl+Z        Undo last action in VAB 在设计时取消上一步动作
Ctrl+Y        Redo last action in VAB 在设计时恢复上一次动作
Alt+left mouse click        Duplicate part or assembly in VAB 复制某组件
C        Toggle Angle Snap 开关角度对齐（开启后零件会自动对齐到一定的角度）
X        Scroll through symmetry settings in VAB 开关多零件（可以一次对称安装多个组件）
Page Up        Scroll view up in VAB 视角向上滚动
Page Down        Scroll view down in VAB 视角向下滚动
Shift+left mouse click        Select the entire ship in VAB 选中整艘飞船
+        Zoom view in 拉近视角
-        Zoom view out 拉远视角
W        Rotate part backwards 向后翻转零件
S        Rotate part forwards 向前翻转零件
A        Rotate part counterclockwise (flat) in VAB 逆时针水平旋转零件
D        Rotate part clockwise (flat) 顺时针水平旋转零件
Q        Rotate part counterclockwise 逆时针旋转零件
E        Rotate part clockwise in VAB 顺时针旋转零件
Shift        Hold to rotate parts in 5 degree increments 按住配合WSADQE以缓慢旋转零件，每次5度。

HoneyFox

这翻译好像有点问题。
Alt+F2，控制台，可用于插件的调试信息输出。
减小节流阀，和减速没关系，只是减小发动机出力而已嘛。
锁定当前级，可以防止不慎按到空格导致的悲剧。
切换快速控制或精确控制，可以调节键盘操纵的响应速度。
修剪。。。 这个，是指配平。
重置修剪。。。这个，是取消配平，或者说配平归中。
跑。。。 这个是跳，或者是重新调整宇航员朝向，又或者是梯子上松手。
。。。

hyno111

太阳的无聊细节

在0.7和0.10.1版之间, Kerbol基本上只是天空背景上的一个点。
在0.11版以后就不能抵达Kerbol了。
Kerbol在0.12版获得了重力。
在0.13.3版里，降落到“表面”以下是安全的，虽然船只可能会因为极端重力被撕碎和/或以高速向外飞出。
在0.14版以后，近距离接触会导致碰撞，摧毁船只并杀死所有船员。
现在的Kerbol“表面”是一个不可见的，毫无功能的平面，大概在半径的4500~4700公里以上。（？）现在没有已知的降落方法，因为Kraken让转向很复杂，并且重力把所有引擎的TWR都降到了1以下。可以尝试在表面放置部件，但是即使它们不爆炸，也会以几百到上千米每秒的速度不正常的弹跳。
While Kerbol can be reached from Kerbin's orbit by using a Hohmann transfer orbit, a spacecraft doing so will require a ΔV of about 8 km/s to do so. The most efficient way to reach Kerbol from Kerbin's orbit is to use a Bi-Elliptic transfer. With a sufficiently-distant apoapsis, the required ΔV to sundive can be reduced to under 4 km/s, at the expense of drastically-increased flight time. (变轨知识不足不太会翻）
"Kerbol"的名字是论坛成员起的，并且从来没有在游戏中出现。在游戏中只是简单的把它叫做“太阳”。

这么短还没完成真是残念啊

HoneyFox

hyno111 发表于 2012-10-30 17:04
太阳的无聊细节

在0.7和0.10.1版之间, Kerbol基本上只是天空背景上的一个点。

批注：
Kraken是一个在飞船速度很高时由于PhysX物理引擎局限导致的bug，会导致飞船莫名其妙的旋转，继而难以操纵。
TWR：推重比
“即便通过修改零件参数成功着陆太阳表面而没有爆炸，也会以.....弹跳”

Bi-elliptic orbit这段其实就是说：绕日飞行时，先加速使Ap点变得很远，然后在到达Ap点的时候再减速，向太阳做一个笔直俯冲（Sun dive），需要更少的delta-V（换句话说就是，可以更加节省燃料）。Bi-elliptic orbit是一种不同于霍尔曼的转移轨道，是通过在绕原星球时，先加速从而大幅抬高Ap，然后达到Ap点再加速或减速切入目标星球轨道的一种轨道。但这种轨道因为要飞出很远，而且Ap点附近速度非常低，所以耗时很长。

RuohongZhao

hyno111 发表于 2012-10-30 17:04
太阳的无聊细节

在0.7和0.10.1版之间, Kerbol基本上只是天空背景上的一个点。

其实我自己实测太阳极限表面是1931m，虽然航天器会在118000km的地方解体，但是耐热的组件分离器却可以一直“幸存”到撞击表面为止